Servant Leadership - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 784 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? The Principles of Servant Leadership are abundantly covered in Robert K Greenleafs esteemed, pioneering essay, The Servant Leader. The key principles of Servant Leadership seek to offer guidance and cohesion to prospective followers through an essential, ten-step program. These quintessential steps aim to encourage and inspire would be Servant Leaders, but also serve as a pseudo-Biblical-Spiritual handbook for larger institutions looking to change their practices by adopting Greenleafs methods, I will discuss these principles in detail. The key principles as outlined in the former Greenleaf Presidents renowned essay are: Listening; Showing empathy; Healing; Having awareness; Persuasive skills; Acute conceptualisation; Good foresight; Stewardship; Commitment to growth and building communities. Listening is an important part of communication as it shows that you are committed to understanding what your employees have to say, thus adding value and boosting morale; in turn this will increase productivity and creativeness in the workplace. Showing empathy is a crucial principle within the scope of servant leadership and possibly the most important. Being empathetic towards employees and possessing the ability to approach their circumstances in a non-judgemental manner is an essential attribute to servant leadership. Being empathetic implies that the leader is kind, but not weak. Servant leaders pertaining to show empathy should not be afraid of making hard decisions or criticising followers, but they should invest empath y in employees at all times. Healing is a colossal attribute to servant leadership as it denotes elements of Christianity, in the same aspect that Jesus wanted to heal others. Servant leaders who have the ability to fix or heal people who have suffered many traumas, possess a very potent quality. Greenleaf says, â€Å"There is something subtle communicated to one who is being served and led if implicit in the compact between servant-leader and led is the understanding that the search for wholeness is something they share.† Maintaining awareness is an archetypal attribute of the servant leader as it denotes a holistic and spiritual approach to resolving problems and dealing with conflict resolution. This works especially well in the workplace as employees will be relying on their leader to help them lead the way and reaching the answer to their problems, collectively. To be a successful servant leader, one must be authoritative enough to lead the group to reach the same consen sus without the use of coercive or militant language and behaviour. Conceptualising problems is an archetypal way in which employers can offer assistance to employees, they can best execute this by offering their higher perspective to allow a group to collectively see the larger picture. This method will subsequently create an extensive boost in creativity and an intuitive working style. Having an acute sense of foresight and encouraging your employees to do the same is a very effective principle as it emboldens employees to see failures as an opportunity for learning and not to dwell on the past. Possessing a sense of stewardship is important as it emblazons the servant leader to lead by example in a persuasive nature without monopolising and controlling the environment autonomously. Commitment to the growth of people is the penultimate factor in Greenleafs ten principles and is of utmost importance. Greenleaf highlighted the need for society to move away from a large-organisation culture and return to the needs of the small communities, because he had the enlightened perspective to see how damaging it is for morale, satisfaction and productivity. People need to feel valued to allow themselves to grow. Greenleaf says, â€Å"Do those served grow as persons: do they, while being served, become healthier, wiser, freer, more autonomous, more likely themselves to become servants? And, what is the effect on the least privileged in society; will they benefit, or at least, not be further deprived?†. The last principle in Greenleafs ten steps is building community. Greenleaf discovered this need to build community during his time as an executive with multi-national conglomerate ATT. He understood that culture had shifted towards large organisations, mass dealings with people and a desensitised attitude towards people, and he sought to change it. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Servant Leadership" essay for you Create order Multi-national companies that have adopted servant leadership as a management style are: Starbucks, Whole Foods Market and SAS (amongst others). It is apparent that Greenleafs renowned essay, The Servant Leader is entirely engrained in the public psyche. To become successful I would embolden and imitate Greenleafs ten key principles, but quintessentially for me, I feel the strongest attribute is being empathetic. As servant leadership has endemic influences in Christianity, empathy features widely and is an attribute adopted by Christians all over the World. Similarly empathy features heavily in servant leadership and is spoken of highly in The Servant Leader, which is why I feel it is the most important attribute.

Analysis Of The Movie Iron Jawed Angels By Martin...

There have been many great activist in history, fighting against the oppression of African Americans. Martin Luther King Jr is famous for his â€Å"I have a dream speech† that took place on August 28, 1963. Dr. King led to the ending of the legal segregation among black and white people. In Dr. Kings essay â€Å"Three ways of Responding to Oppression, he clearly states three ways to deal with oppression. Dr. King believed the best defense against oppression being that of nonviolent resistance. The film Iron Jawed Angels (IJA) is also great example of oppression with the struggle to women rights in the United States. Mr. King stated that there are three ways of oppression that oppressed people deal with, acquiescence, physical violence, and nonviolent resistance. One must come out of their comfort zone in order to see new and in most cases better outcomes. Mr. King said, â€Å"In every movement towards freedom some of the oppressed prefer to remain oppressed†. This is e xactly what happens in some cases, where the person prefers to continue with the unjust being done just because they know no other way or because they have become so accustom to that life style. For example, slaves started to get so use to being just slaves that they would not protest to try to have a better life style. Some did not think that they could have a better life, or even thought they did not deserve a better life since they had been told so many times. In the film IJA, they give a great example with the senators

Sleep and Memory Free Essays

string(228) " This study will benefit people by creating a consciousness about how crucial it is to have enough sleep, if there is a difference in with memory between men and women, and how important it is to keep a good memory through age\." Sleep and Memory Maria del Rocio Gutierrez University of Texas at Brownsville Sleep and Memory We can define sleep as a period of rest and we can define immediate memory as an organism’s ability to store, retain, and subsequently retrieve information. Therefore if the organism rests for a period of time the ability to store, retain and retrieve information will be improved. This study will focus on how sleeping a minimum of 7 hours a day will reflect a notorious improvement in memory. We will write a custom essay sample on Sleep and Memory or any similar topic only for you Order Now We will also be able to compare if women have better memory than men, if there is a significant difference between these two groups; age will also be compared, we will be able to see if younger people are able to have a better memory than older people. This study will also help us understand the importance of resting on daily bases so we can have a good performance in our daily activities. Past Research Previous Researches have showed that sleep has an impact episodic memory in the long run. Researchers used up to 8 hours of sleep.There were used sixty university students, which were asked not to smoke or drink caffeine during daytime. Students had to do this procedure 12 hours before the experiment. During the experiment 56 words were presented individually to the students on a computer monitor. Two tests were given to the participants. In the first test students were given 10 minutes to see how many words were recalled. Several words were shown to the participants. The second test was 10 minutes as well, with the difference that fourteen text fields were with the category labels were presented simultaneously on a computer.It was found that more words were recalled when they were not categorized, and that students who slept 7 hours had a higher recall of words ,(Olaf ; Reinhard P. ,2007). The importance of this research is to demonstrate how students who slept 7 hours could recall easy words given to them during the experiment, (Lahl ; Pietrowsky, 2007). Previous researches discovered that sleep improves memory, and that also neuronal activity and regional blood flow during sleep form part of an improvement of memory during the day, (Morgrass, Guillem ; Godbout, 2008).Participants were required to have a night of sleep, there were no other restrictions like in the above study mentioned. Researchers tested the participants twice to control the effect of practice. Participants were tested in the morning and late afternoon. Each test lasted 15 minutes; there were presented different photographs of faces taken in the same condition. Researchers divided their sample into two groups, one slept in the laboratory used and the other group slept at their home. Researchers found no significance difference in recalling memory between one group and another.Researchers found that daytime session questionnaire was higher than those in the afternoon. The importance of this experiment is that researchers show us there is no significance improvement in memory whether they sleep at home or at a clinic, but there is a difference if the participant just rested or if the participant was already awake (Mograss ; Guillem ; Godbout, 2008). Previous researches done reflect that a deprivation of sleep would affect memory. These researchers mention that the amygdale modulates the consolidation of long term memory by influencing other areas that are involved in memory processing.Researchers used twenty-four volunteers, all of them were students of medicine. Students needed to have a regular sleep schedule for a week and no caffeine for at least 4 days before the experiment. Participants were tested two times, in the morning and at night. Researchers used a shopping list of 16 items presented five times to the participants. Complex figures were presented as well. Participants were given different tests such as Corsi block-tapping test, coding test, emotional odball paradigm, digit span test and word stem test. All of these tests involved words, figures or object recall.Researchers found that memory function may be influenced by log time deprivation periods (Saxvig, Lundervold, Gronli, Ursin, Bjorvatan ; Portas, 2008). Lahl, , Wispel. , Willigens ; Pietrowsky (2007) researched on how a nap can improve memory; where the naps would take from 20 minutes to 45 minutes. Researchers wanted to know if a nap would help improve memory. There were 26 university students used as participants. Half of them were men and half women. Students were required to have a regular night sleep. It was not allowed the used of psychoactive medication or the participation of students with sleep-related problems.Each participant needed to wake up no later than 8:00 o’clock in the morning and do not ingest alcoholic beverages or caffeine. The students were put to sleep and were monitored. After 50 minutes they were woken up and tested for recall. Picture card games, games requiring visuomotoric skills and mathematical strategies were utilized. Researchers found that after taking a nap the student’s memory would improve. This research is important because it shows us how young students recall was improved after sleeping. Previous researchers were interested in the process of unlearning or reverse learning during sleep.Fifty university students of different ages were used in the research. Students were randomly selected in groups were they slept during night, or students who slept during day and were eventually woken up. They had to be non-smokers, not be using any kind of any kind of psychoactive medication, not have any psychiatric illness, not using alcohol or drugs, they had to be non-smokers and also restricted from napping during the day at least 12 hours before the experiment. During the experiment the participants were given twenty-four neutral photographs of everyday objects.The first group was tested between 0:00 hrs and 7:00 hours and the second group was tested between 9:00 hours and 16:00 hours. Researchers found that participants memory was improved after sleeping (Lahl ; Pietrosky, 2007). Overview of the Current Study Our study wanted to show the improvements in memory through sleep. We were trying to prove our hypotheses through our experiment. This study will benefit people by creating a consciousness about how crucial it is to have enough sleep, if there is a difference in with memory between men and women, and how important it is to keep a good memory through age. You read "Sleep and Memory" in category "Papers"The studies mentioned above have a gap where they do not reflect an exact improvement mentioned by the participants, the literature needed more statistical information. Our Three research hypotheses are: RQ1: People who sleep more than seven hours have better memory than people who sleep less than seven hours. RQ2: Gender is related to memory, females will have better memory than men. RQ3: Younger people will have better memory than older people These hypotheses were derived from the studies made on previous researches, who found that sleep has a beneficial effect in memory.We believe the human being must always try to improve memory, it is primordial to have all of our memories available whenever we need them. W e believe that a human being can develop in a better way if their memory is well functioning. Method Participants In this study college students will be participating. We hope to have 20 females and 20 males. All of the participants will be students from the University of Texas at Brownsville. Materials Informed Consent Form. An informed consent form will be used in which participants will be informed regarding the materials and procedure(s) used in the study.Students will be assured anonymity and will be given contact information if any question may arise (see Appendix A). Demographic Questionnaire. This questionnaire will collect participant’s demographic information (e. g. age, ethnicity, year in school, etc. ). The purpose of the Demographic Questionnaire will strictly be used to gather basic information of who the participants are and any other needed demographic information related to this study (see Appendix B). Memory Word List. 15 words will be presented to each student. They will have one minute to look at them, afterwards they will be asked to write down the ones they remember. see Appendix C). Debriefing Form. The final material used in this study will be a verbal and written debriefing form. This material will help us as researchers to study the immediate term memory and see if people who sleep at least 7 hours a day have a better memory. (see Appendix D) Procedure The procedure taken in this study will be as follows. The principal investigator of the study will hand out a written informed consent to inform the participants the purpose, benefits and length of time the study will take to complete. Once participants agree to participate, the Demographic Questionnaire will be administered to expedite the completion of the task. Following the completion of the demographics each student will be presented 15 words for a time of 1 minute, next they will write down on a separate sheet of paper as many words as they can recall in 1 minute. Once participants have completed the task they will be orally debriefed, thanked and dismissed. The total time to complete the study for each participant will be less than 10 minutes. ResultsThe first hypothesis indicated that there would be a significant difference in memory between people who slept seven hours or more (M=8. 14, S. D. =1. 96), and people who slept less than seven hours (M= 8. 14, S. D. = 2. 26). The results showed that there was no significance difference between these two variables. A T-test was used to compare these two groups (see figure 1). The second prediction stated that there would be a difference between gender and memory. Women would recall more words than men. It was found that males (M=1. 67, S. D. = . 48) recalled less words than women (M=1. 78, S. D. =. 4). A T- test was used to compare these two groups The final hypothesis predicted that age was related with memory. People with age of eighteen to twenty five were considered as younger participants (M=29. 71, S. D. =7. 11), people with age twenty six and above were considered as older participants (M=32, S. D. =11. 56). A T-test was used to compare these two groups. | Discussion The findings for this research did not support our hypotheses. According to other researches or previous literature, people who did not sleep 7 hours or more would have difficulties with memory (Lahl ; Pietrosky, 2007).The literature used for this research did not support our hypotheses because our results did not reflect a significant difference between people who did sleep 7 hours or more hours and those who did not sleep 7 or less hours. We could not find similarities with previous studies. Such studies reflected a significant difference. The same issue happened with our two other hypotheses. Our second hypothesis did not reflected a significant difference between men and women’s memory. Our third hypothesis did not show a significant difference as well.There was no remarkable difference between young people and older people; we classified young people from age 18 through age 25, and older people from age 26 and above. We did notice two major limitations during the experiment. The most important is the amount of participants in the research. We believe that in order to have a significant difference a minimum of 100 participants should be used for the research. Having more participants will give more information to compare with. Our amount of participants were 30 students, which gives very little information and does not help to reflect a significant difference.Another issue was the uneven amount of men and women. We feel there should be a balanced number to reflect a significant difference. Our findings are important because the results are not the same as all of the other studies, this means that there could be a probability that our study could make a difference in researches of this type. Future research will involve again memory and sleep, but we will increase the number of participants and consider the time of the day to test participants. 317. How to cite Sleep and Memory, Papers

Britian Essay Example For Students

Britian Essay As our mission clearly states, Student Affairs strives to be an integral part of the education of students at Florida International University. Comprised of 19 major departments and units, the Division is involved in practically all aspects of a student s total education, both within and outside the classroom. More than 300 employees on both the University Park and Biscayne Bay Campus serve in various capacities for the Division. You can access the departments and many of their individual units through this Web site. E-mail addresses and telephone numbers are available in some areas to request additional information. Vital to the success of Student Affairs are our collaborative efforts with academics as well as our participation in the Universitys Diversity Initiative. Information on these successful ventures can also be obtained through this Web site. If you have comments or questions about the Division of Student Affairs or our Web Pages, please contact us at 305-348-2797. Stocks r ose on Thursday as Wall Street cheered the latest corporate profit results and pointed to comments from U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan as a sign the recession-slammed economy is near a rebound. Thursday marks the busiest day for companies in the Standard Poors 500 index .SPX to release earnings 64 companies are expected to report in a single day. So far, 60 percent have reported profits that beat analysts forecasts, said market research firm Thomson Financial/First Call. Thats in line with the historical average. Even so, profits on average are down 21.6 percent for the second straight quarter the worst showing in a decade. Despite the fourth quarters dismal results, investors said comments in the reports are starting to signal a business pickup. Greenspan told us things are looking better and that the big negatives on the economy last year are improving, said Robert Barbera, chief economist for brokerage and asset management firm Hoenig Co. What were getting acros s most categories is news that the worst is behind us. The tech-laced Nasdaq .IXIC rose 32 points, or 1.71 percent, to 1,955. The blue-chip Dow Jones industrial average .DJI, gained 92 points, or 0.95 percent, to 9,824. The broader Standard Poors 500 Index .SPX added 9 points, or 0.83 percent, to 1,137, boosted by shares of makers of data-storage systems and chipmakers. More than 990 million shares traded on the Nasdaq, where 19 stocks rose for every 13 that fell. About 750 million shares changed hands on the Big Board. Advancers trounced decliners by an average of 17 to 12. Greenspans testimony to the Senate Budget Committee boosted stocks after he said there have been signs recently that some of the forces that have been restraining the economy over the past year are starting to diminish and that activity is beginning to firm. Nokia Corp. NOK.N also helped stocks gain after the worlds largest cellular phone maker unveiled a bigger-than-expected fourth-quarter profit on the back o f strong Christmas sales of mobile phones. The Finnish company also said it saw an improvement in conditions during the current year and stuck to its sales growth target. Shares rose $1.34 to $23.55. Nokia came out with better earnings and thats the stuff that turned the market up, said Lance Zipper, managing director of equity trading at Brean Murray Co. Thats a big stock and a big industry. EMC Corp. EMC.N, the worlds largest maker of data-storage systems, reported a net loss that was smaller than forecasts and said the firms cost-cutting was ahead of schedule. Shares jumped $2.44 to $17. There are positive surprises on a number of fronts, said Phil Dow, director of equity strategy for RBC Dain Rauscher. Youve had a number of companies with better-than-expected results and better commentary on how business is doing. Nokia is one and EMC is another. It was a busy morning for holders of drug and health care stocks as a slew of companies reported quarterly financial results. Eli Lil ly and Co. LLY.N reported lower profits in line with Wall Street forecasts, as it struggles to rebound from the loss of U.S. patent protection over antidepressant Prozac, its flagship drug. Shares dropped $2.37 to $73.39. 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